European Colonization of the Caribbean Essay Example for Free

European Colonization of the Caribbean Essay The Spanish triumphs in the Americas urged other European nations to extend their areas in the New World. In the last 50% of the sixteenth century, Portugal vanquished Brazil in the desire for upsetting Spain in South America. Somewhere in the range of 1690 and 1650, the French, Dutch, and English made fruitless endeavors to possess the northern shorelines of Brazil and the neighboring islands of St. Kitts and the Leeward Islands. Be that as it may, with the beginning of the Thirty Years War, Spain started to debilitate. His pilgrim assets in the Caribbean were involved by the English, French, and the Dutch. Spanish and Portugal Conquests Checked By and large, the appearance of other European nations in the New World (with the idea of success) constrained Spain and Portugal to restrain their triumph. For instance, in 1621, the Dutch assaulted a few Spanish provinces in the Caribbean and prevailing with regards to possessing the islands of Curacao, St. Martin, and Araya. The obtaining of huge mount of gold by the Spaniards in the New World pulled in the consideration of different forces. To their brains, God doesn't want the world to be separated uniquely among Spain and Portugal (Treaty of Tordesillas). They needed a noteworthy offer in the abundance of the Americas. The Political and Economic System in Europe The Thirty Years War (to which Spain was intensely included) constrained Spain to cut consumptions at home and raise duties and standards in the Caribbean (Cuba, Puerto Rico). What's more, the Spaniards started to execute the estate framework to expand incomes (to back her wars in Europe). Exchange was restricted to Spain and he American states. The explanation is clear: if exchange was opened to other European nations, the possibility of a unidirectional flourishing would be forestalled (different countries would profit by the exchange). This framework is known as the ‘mercantilist framework. ’ Impact of Mercantilism in the Caribbean and the Outcome Valuable metals (gold, silver) turned into the premise of the mercantilist framework. It filled in as the mode of trade between the provinces and the motherland. Mines were set up all through the Caribbean so as to keep up the progression of metals to the homeland. To secure the acquisition of valuable metals, the Spaniards (and different Europeans) use slave work (African slaves). In some sense, Spanish riches (in view of valuable metals and item shares) was basically made by slave work (which was harsh and unchristian). The riches Spain collected from the New World likewise pulled in the consideration of privateers. They were of two sorts: marauder and marooner. Marauder is a gathering of privateers that had bases in the Caribbean (it might be said, they were viewed as the most impressive kind of privateer). Marooner is a nonexclusive term applied to Spaniards who abandoned the Spanish Navy to bug Spanish transportation lines in the Caribbean. The Caribbean Society and European Influences Caribbean culture was designed according to European culture. A portion of the impacts are as per the following: 1) selection of Catholicism as the principle religion (on account of Spain), 2) Baroque and Gothic design, 3) European city arranging, and 4) the manor framework. At the highest point of the manor framework was the landowner. The chief (generally a relative of the proprietor) was in the center position. At the base were the slaves and the serfs (nearby populace serving in the ranch). The slaves were regularly rewarded cruelly by the Europeans. They saw them as individuals from a second rate race bound to serve white men’s avarice. A similar case (however not as severe as that of slaves) could be said about ladies. Ladies were restricted to family units, serving their lords with much devotion (forcibly) as that of serfs. Racial Hierarchy in the Caribbean Race assumed a significant job in Caribbean culture. Race filled in as the deciding element of organization; a type of cultural control. The Europeans were at the highest point of the racial progression. At the base were the slaves, the neighborhood populace, and Chinese brokers (which were seen with hatred by the Europeans). The European themselves were racially sorted. The peninsulares were Europeans conceived in their homelands. The insulares were unadulterated Europeans conceived in the provinces. The mestizos were of European and Indian plunge. Ladies assumed a minor job in Caribbean culture. They were kept to family unit errands (like cooking and youngster raising). Maroonage stressed Spain’s assets in the New World. The incomes got by Spain from manors (a similar case with different Europeans) were taken by the maroons (while in transit to Spain). The abusive arrangements of the Spaniards in Cuba prompted the Ten Years War. The slaves and the nearby populace rose in arms contrary to Spanish principle. Reference Toynbee, Arnold. 1989. History of the World. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

Managing In Hospitality Essay Example for Free

Overseeing In Hospitality Essay To persuade the administration, the proprietor must have the option to convey his thoughts and recognitions unmistakably. The proprietor may confront a touch of trouble doing this, since the administrators have been around for long, and they likely realize their exchange well. It is as yet conceivable, be that as it may. Something that the proprietor can do is gain the trust of his administrators. In any case, it can't be the analytics based trust or recognizable proof based trustâ€it must be through authoritative citizenship conduct. In particular, he needs to ensure that every individual from the administration is dealt with reasonably. For example, with this issue, he should allow every single one to voice out their supposition in regards to the redesigning of the inn, and clarify why they are against it. This will tell them that despite the fact that the owner’s thoughts might be in struggle with those of the management’s, the proprietor despite everything esteems their insight and regards their situation as administrators. When they all get their opportunity to share their musings, the proprietor should then clarify his side, however making an effort not to contend with his directors concerning which is the better arrangement, as this will just make rubbing, as considerable clash, and it will be much progressively hard to persuade the administration to redesign the inn. Rather, the gathering ought to arrange, or deal, and attempt to locate a shared opinion. Since everybody has had his side heard by this point, they can address the inquiries encompassing the issue of why moving up to a 5-star lodging may be an ill-conceived notion, and what should be possible to turn this around or to make up for it. In conclusion, the proprietor should attempt to control his feelings while clarifying his side. Regardless of how cruel or how unpolished the administration might be, viewing his choices as â€Å"unnecessary†, the proprietor must remain sincerely steady. The equivalent goes for the managementâ€if one of them unexpectedly begins raising his voice, he ought to be quieted down before continuing with the gathering. They ought to likewise be helped to remember their positionsâ€they are directors, not ownersâ€and should regard the owner’s authority over them. The proprietor himself ought not push his weight around. Works Cited Chase, Courtney. â€Å"Interpersonal Behavior in the Workplace.†

Piagets 4 Stages of Cognitive Development Explained

Piagets 4 Stages of Cognitive Development Explained Theories Developmental Psychology Print The 4 Stages of Cognitive Development Background and Key Concepts of Piagets Theory By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 14, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 12, 2019 Stages of Cognitive Development Piaget's Theory Sensorimotor Stage Preoperational Stage Concrete Operational Stage Formal Operational Stage Support and Criticism In This Article Table of Contents Expand How Piaget Developed the Theory The Stages Important Concepts View All Jean Piagets theory of cognitive development suggests that children move through four different stages of mental development. His theory focuses not only on understanding how children acquire knowledge, but also on understanding the nature of intelligence.?? Piagets stages are: Sensorimotor stage: birth to 2 yearsPreoperational stage: ages 2 to 7Concrete operational stage: ages 7 to 11Formal operational stage: ages 12 and up Piaget believed that children take an  active role in the learning process, acting much like little scientists as they perform experiments, make observations, and learn about the world. As kids interact with the world around them, they continually add new knowledge, build upon existing knowledge, and adapt previously held ideas to accommodate new information. Illustration by Joshua Seong,  Verywell How Piaget Developed the Theory Piaget was born in Switzerland in the late 1800s and was a precocious student, publishing his first scientific paper when he was just 11 years old. His early exposure to the intellectual development of children came when he worked as an assistant to Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon as they worked to standardize their famous IQ test. Much of Piagets interest in the cognitive development of children was inspired by his observations of his own nephew and daughter. These observations reinforced his budding hypothesis that childrens minds were not merely smaller versions of adult minds. Up until this point in history, children were largely treated simply as smaller versions of adults. Piaget was one of the first to identify that the way that children think is different from the way adults think. Instead, he proposed, intelligence is something that grows and develops through a series of stages. Older children do not just think more quickly than younger children, he suggested. Instead, there are both qualitative and quantitative differences between the thinking of young children versus older children. Based on his observations, he concluded that children were not less intelligent than adults, they simply think differently. Albert Einstein called Piagets discovery so simple only a genius could have thought of it. Piagets stage theory describes the  cognitive development of children.  Cognitive development involves changes in cognitive process and abilities.?? In Piagets view, early cognitive development involves processes based upon actions and later progresses to changes in mental operations. The Stages Through his observations of his children,  Piaget developed a stage theory of intellectual development that included four distinct stages: The Sensorimotor Stage Ages: Birth to 2 YearsMajor Characteristics and Developmental Changes:The infant knows the world through their movements and sensationsChildren learn about the world through basic actions such as sucking, grasping, looking, and listeningInfants learn that things continue to exist even though they cannot be seen (object permanence)They are separate beings from the people and objects around themThey realize that their actions can cause things to happen in the world around them During this earliest stage of cognitive development, infants and toddlers acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating objects. A childs entire experience at the earliest period of this stage occurs through basic reflexes, senses, and motor responses. It is during the sensorimotor stage that children go through a period of dramatic growth and learning. As kids interact with their environment, they are continually making new discoveries about how the world works. The cognitive development that occurs  during this period takes place over a relatively short period of time and involves a great deal of growth. Children not only learn how to perform physical actions such as crawling and walking; they also learn a great deal about language from the people with whom they interact. Piaget also broke this stage down into a number of different substages. It is during the final part of the sensorimotor stage that early representational thought emerges. Piaget believed that developing  object permanence  or object constancy, the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, was an important element at this point of development. By learning that objects are separate and distinct entities and that they have an existence of their own outside of individual perception, children are then able to begin to attach names and words to objects. The Sensorimotor Stage of Cognitive Development The Preoperational Stage Ages: 2 to 7 YearsMajor Characteristics and Developmental Changes:Children begin to think symbolically and learn to use words and pictures to represent objects.Children at this stage tend to be egocentric and struggle to see things from the perspective of others.While they are getting better with language and thinking, they still tend to think about things in very concrete terms. The foundations of language development may have been laid during the previous stage, but it is the emergence of language that is one of the major hallmarks of the preoperational stage of development.?? Children become much more skilled at pretend play during this stage of development, yet continue to think very concretely about the world around them.   At this stage, kids learn through pretend play but still struggle with logic and taking the point of view of other people. They also often struggle with understanding the idea of constancy.For example, a researcher might take a lump of clay, divide it into two equal pieces, and then give a child the choice between two pieces of clay to play with. One piece of clay is rolled into a compact ball while the other is smashed into a flat pancake shape. Since the flat shape  looks  larger, the preoperational child will likely choose that piece even though the two pieces are exactly the same size. Preoperational Stage of Cognitive Development in Young Children The Concrete Operational Stage Ages: 7 to 11 YearsMajor Characteristics and Developmental ChangesDuring this stage, children begin to thinking logically about concrete eventsThey begin to understand the concept of conservation; that the amount of liquid in a short, wide cup is equal to that in a tall, skinny glass, for exampleTheir thinking becomes more logical and organized, but still very concreteChildren begin using inductive logic, or reasoning from specific information to a general principle While children are still very concrete and literal in their thinking at this point in development, they become much more adept at using logic.?? The egocentrism of the previous stage begins to disappear as kids become better at thinking about how other people might view a situation. While thinking becomes much more logical during the concrete operational state, it can also be very rigid. Kids at this point in development tend to struggle with abstract and hypothetical concepts. During this stage, children also become less egocentric and begin to think about how other people might think and feel. Kids in the concrete operational stage also begin to understand that their thoughts are unique to them and that not everyone else necessarily shares their thoughts, feelings, and opinions. The Concrete Operational Stage in Cognitive Development The Formal Operational Stage Ages: 12 and UpMajor Characteristics and Developmental Changes:At this stage, the adolescent or young adult begins to think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problemsAbstract thought emergesTeens begin to think more about moral, philosophical, ethical, social, and political issues that require theoretical and abstract reasoningBegin to use deductive logic, or reasoning from a general principle to specific information The final stage of Piagets theory involves an increase in logic, the ability to use deductive reasoning, and an understanding of abstract ideas.?? At this point, people become capable of seeing multiple potential solutions to problems and think more scientifically about the world around them. The ability to thinking about abstract ideas and situations is the key hallmark of the formal operational stage of cognitive development. The ability to systematically plan for the future and reason about hypothetical situations are also critical abilities that emerge during this stage.   It is important to note that Piaget did not view childrens intellectual development as a quantitative process; that is, kids do not just add more information and knowledge to their existing knowledge as they get older. Instead, Piaget suggested that there is a  qualitative  change in how children think as they gradually process through these four stages.?? A child at age 7 doesnt just have more information about the world than he did at age 2; there is a fundamental change in  how  he thinks about the world. Formal Operational Stage of Cognitive Development Important Concepts To better understand some of the things that happen during cognitive development, it is important first to examine a few of the important ideas and concepts introduced by Piaget. The following are some of the factors that influence how children learn and grow: Schemas A schema describes both the mental and physical actions involved in understanding and knowing. Schemas are categories of knowledge that help us to interpret and understand the world. In Piagets view, a schema includes both a category of knowledge and the process of obtaining that knowledge.?? As experiences happen, this new information is used to modify, add to, or change previously existing schemas. For example, a child may have a schema about a type of animal, such as a dog. If the childs sole experience has been with small dogs, a child might believe that all dogs are small, furry, and have four legs. Suppose then that the child encounters an enormous dog. The child will take in this new information, modifying the previously existing schema to include these new observations. What Role Do Schemas Play in the Learning Process? Assimilation The process of taking in new information into our already existing schemas is known as assimilation. The process is somewhat subjective because we tend to modify experiences and  information slightly to fit in with our preexisting beliefs. In the example above, seeing a dog and labeling it dog is a case of assimilating the animal into the childs dog schema. Assimilation and Jean Piagets Adaptation Process Accommodation Another part of adaptation involves changing or altering our existing schemas in light of new information, a process known as accommodation. Accommodation involves modifying existing schemas, or ideas, as a result of new information or new experiences.?? New schemas may also be developed during this process. The Role of Accommodation in How We Learn New Information Equilibration Piaget believed that all children try to strike a balance between assimilation and accommodation, which is achieved through a mechanism Piaget called equilibration. As children progress through the stages of cognitive development, it is important to maintain a balance between applying previous knowledge (assimilation) and changing behavior to account for new knowledge (accommodation). Equilibration helps explain how children can move from one stage of thought to the next.?? A Word From Verywell One of the most important elements to remember of Piagets theory is that it takes the view that creating knowledge and intelligence is an inherently  active  process. I find myself opposed to the view of knowledge as a passive copy of reality, Piaget explained. I believe that knowing an object means acting upon it, constructing systems of transformations that can be carried out on or with this object. Knowing reality means constructing systems of transformations that correspond, more or less adequately, to reality. Piagets theory of cognitive development helped add to our understanding of childrens intellectual growth. It also stressed that children were not merely passive recipients of knowledge. Instead, kids are constantly investigating and experimenting as they build their understanding of how the world works. What Is the Sensorimotor Stage of Cognitive Development?

A Literary Comparison of Frosts The Road Not Taken and...

A Literary Comparison A Literary Comparison The two pieces of literature that the paper will focus upon are the poem by Robert Frost, The Road Not Taken, and the short story, perhaps in the 21st century would be designated as flash fiction, I Used to Live Here Once by Jean Rhys. There are clearly some structural differences in the formatting of the respective pieces, yet both forms allow for storytelling and poetic language and/or imagery. The Frost poem is heavily concerned with choices and paths with respect to change for the future while the Rhys short story illustrates how roads to the past often reveal changes for which we are unprepared. The Road Not Taken is one of the number of Frosts poems that has endures through the years. Frost is well known for his reflective and philosophical nature within his poems. The Road Not Taken is both about actual roads as well as paths in life. The first person narrator of the poem describes his decision-making process as he takes a walk or hike in the outdoors. The narrator literally comes to a point in his journey where the road he walks splits; his most important choice for his current journey, as well as the entire journey that is his life comes to a crucial juncture. The poem and the author intend for the reader to engage with the experience of making choices in life. Readers may consider that the everyday choices made in life have literal, direct, and immediate results, yet each of the small choices additionally

The Speech Of George Washington Essay - 742 Words

Thank you [ person who called me up] Good Evening Mr. Mayor and Council members. In the words of George Washington, â€Å"It is the duty of all Nations to acknowledge the providence of Almighty God, to obey his will, to be grateful for his benefits, and humbly to implore his protection and favor†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Benjamin Franklin stated, â€Å"In the beginning of the Contest with Great Britain, when we were sensible of danger we had daily prayer in this room for the divine protection. . Our prayers, Sir, were heard, and they were graciously answered. All of us who were engaged in the struggle must have observed frequent instances of a Superintending providence in our favor. To that kind providence we owe this happy opportunity of consulting in peace†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Then Franklin stated something with so much wisdom generation after generation ought to ask themselves. â€Å"And have we now forgotten that powerful friend?† Have we? That powerful Friend asks for us to humble ourselves and pray. Pray for in the words of Thomas Jefferson, â€Å"for the continua nce of his favor and protection to these United States; to beseech him that he would be graciously pleased to influence our publick Councils, and bless them with wisdom from on high,†¦ that he would bless and prosper the means of education†¦ that he would graciously be pleased to turn the hearts of our enemies†¦.That he would in mercy look down upon us, pardon all our sins, and receive us into his favour; and finally, that he would establish the †¦ United States uponShow MoreRelatedGeorge Washington Farewell Speech Analysis1947 Words   |  8 PagesWhen analyzing the farewell speech of President George Washington, it is crucial to mention that all elements and concepts found there in can be applied to today’s politics. This can be seen by looking in depth and finding the portions of the farewell speech that apply to the issues that concern today’s society, and these are such as earning the trust of the American public when the new election of a pre sident is coming upon us; he also speaks of what binds an American citizen to their country whichRead MoreGeorge Washington s Speech On Farewell Address831 Words   |  4 PagesAuthor: George Washington Title: Farewell Address a. Identify the document--what type of document is it (i.e. a letter, a newspaper article, etc.) and what year was it created? This document is a piece of George Washington’s final public address/speech as presidentRead MoreGeorge Washington Farewell Address Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesGeorge Washington, a very famous man known as the first President of the United States of America, was born on the 22nd of February, 1732 in the colony of Bridges Creek, Virginia. (George Presidential Early Life sec.1 para.3) He was born into a wealthy, land-owning family and was a very political individual. Washington served as a Major in the Virginia militia and also fought in the French and Indian War from 1754 to 1763. In addition, Washington became a representative of the Virginia legislatureRead MoreEssay on The Story of an Influential Role Model, George Washington733 Words   |  3 PagesPatriots in the Revolutionary War and became the 1st President. He was the courageous, brave, and trustworthy George Washington. Throughout our lives, many people have showed that when power is acquired or given, it is ofte n abused and taken advantage up.However, George Washington was the streak of hope scattered throughout a world of despair. 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The U.S history maintenance the idea of American Exceptionalism because this country have done so much and have incredible stuffs like children and disability support, insurance, study opportunities, etc. George Washington is an example that U.S. and its population are unique in several ways. â€Å"George Washington (1732-99) was commander in chief of the Continental Army duringRead MoreGeorge Washingtons Farewell Address782 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Washington’s â€Å"Farewell Address† George Washington wrote a farewell speech in 1796, marking the retirement of his leadership of the United States of America. He published his goodbye, titled his â€Å"Farewell Address,† in many papers. The long, revised copyRead MoreGeorge Washington s Farewell Address Essay1258 Words   |  6 PagesChase Williams US History to 1865 Dr. Lisa Crutchfield October 14, 2015 George Washington s Farewell Address, Primary Source Analysis George Washington’s Presidential Farewell Address consisted of three critical elements that were considered vital for the functional survival of the country that had just won its independence. On September 19, 1796, President Washington advised the nation to stand together as one united country, warned the people about the dangers of political parties and heRead MoreWashingtons Farewell Address and Jeffersons Inaugural Address1183 Words   |  5 PagesSignificance of Washington’s Farewell Address and Jefferson’s First Inaugural Address George Washington and Thomas Jefferson were the first and the third president, respectively. Both were great at being presidents in their own ways. In George Washington’s Farewell Address he advised Americans to not get entangled within foreign countries’ problems and conflicts and to not have permanent alliances and treaties, and also to not have different political parties, and he also stressed the importanceRead MoreThe Importance Of Alexander Hamilton And George Washington790 Words   |  4 PagesAlexander Hamilton and George Washington had a strong relationship from 1776 to 1801. The two first met in 1777 when Hamilton, then a twenty-two year old artillery officer, joined Washingtons staff as his secretary. After the war, they built a strong relationship when Hamilton was Secretary of the Treasury for 8 years in the Washington Administration. Some have argued Washington was more important in bringing stability to the U.S. due to his leadership both during the War and in his time as President

Reflective Personal Diary_Default Routines Free Essays

I was presenting the last three months of performance of the Supply Chain department covering major achievements, Kepi’s, risks and opportunities. As this was the year end as well therefore I was trying to Influence the Head of Business Unit and the CEO of the company. My team had already given me their presentations and I compiled those in to the main powering presentation. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflective Personal Diary_Default Routines or any similar topic only for you Order Now All the senior managers and business units heads were present and I was going through the slides one by one and explaining each of hose in detail. I sounded very confident and was trying to explain the technicalities and calculations related to each of the slides. All the members present were listening carefully and following me. I was not interrupted and there were no questions asked during the presentation. I felt very confident as I was able to explain all the details and as the performance of my department was well up to the set targets therefore I felt very enthusiastic while presenting the slides on the Kepi’s. I was most aware about the department Kepi’s and their calculations. Reflections: After the presentation was over our CEO asked me questions on the implementation of the ERP/MR. for the Supply Chain function, the time frame in which it is supposed to be implemented and fully running and why was this not part of the challenges or risks as part of my presentation. Initially I tried to ward off the question by saying that as the ERP/MR. Phase-I implementation falls under the IT department therefore this was not part of our presentation. But he was not convinced so I stated that this was not a part of the previous quarter and therefore not in the presentation which as another failed attempt to not answer the question. Then I stated that this will be covered in the next quarter with IT department and if required a time frame can be set within one month. I was using my core strength of communication and my knowledge about the ERP/MR. systems. I was trying to end the presentation on a positive note as this was linked to the yearly appraisals for the whole team. I was avoiding accepting that the point raised was very critical and was a mistake to be missed in the presentation. The impact was not very good; other people were Just mute spectators probably agreeing with the point raised by the CEO. The most challenging was to accept that even after a brilliant performance In the quarter the whole presentation ended showing that an Important challenge/rolls was missed to be addressed. The important thing I missed was to look at the presentations from the previous three quarters with Q-2 presentation had the MR./ERP Implementation as a challenge for 2013 and a risk in 2014. I think the last point which I did by accepting the mistake straight forward and immediately providing a time frame for solution dominate the whole presentation and why wasn’t I prepared for this or aware that here could be questions which could have been outside the scope of my presentation. How to cite Reflective Personal Diary_Default Routines, Essays

The UnIslamic Nation Of Islam The Mention Of The Nation Of Islam Will

The UnIslamic Nation of Islam The mention of the "Nation of Islam" will undoubtedly cause an immense number of responses in any situation. To some, this organization symbolizes blatant racism. To others, it is seen as a savior of the black community. Regardless of one's opinion of the Nation, though, the differences between The first, and most astonishing, difference between the Nation and traditional Islam is the role of race in the church's philosophy. the Nation's philosophy clearly states that, "We believe that intermarriage and race mixing should be prohibitted (www.noi.org/ program.html)". The traditional wording of the Koran, however, states that diversity in race is one of Allah's greatest creations(Koran, 30.22). The Nation of Islam restricts its membersip to those who are black. the beliefs of traditional Islam, however, state that all persons are born Muslim, and that "every person is endowed by Allah with the spiritual potential and intellectual inclination that can make him a good Muslim.(4) The Islamic church ignores the issue of race when examining one's spiritual purity. Rather, It is the spirit itself which defines a Muslim. Traditional Muslims and members of the Nation of Islam also differ in their definition of what it means to be Muslim. The belief in Islam is defined by five Pillars: shahada(the belief in only one Allah), salah(prayer), zakuh(obligatory charity), sawm(fasting), and hajj(pilgrimage) (www_leland.stanford.edu/group/Thinker/v2/v2n3/Saudi.html). Of these Five Pillars, the Nation of Islam requires none of its members. The shahada is rejected by the Nation because it belives that Wallace D. Fard Muhammad was Allah incarate. (noi.index) Salah, or the five daily prayers in the direction of Mecca, are also not required of members of the Nation(coolguy). Zakuh is rejected by the nation, as it believes charity is a "way to benefit the dominant classes of the culture.(coolguy). Sawm is also not required of Nation members, nor is the hajj to Mecca(coolguy). (Ironically, it was the hajj of Malcolm X which led him to abandon his separatist beliefs, and to preach unity). The rejection of the five basic requirements of Islam is representative of the distances between the Nation of Islam and traditional Islam. Because of these differences, the Nation cannot be accepted as just another chapter of Islam, but it must be treated as a different and distinct religion. The third difference between the Nation of Islam and traditional Islam is the manner in which other religions and their members are regarded. Islam accepts the existence of all prophets from Moses to Muhammad. (Koran, 2:91) The Nation, however, believes that Wallace D. Fard Muhammad is the true prophet(Noi.program). Traditional Islam regards members of all religions as holy. The Koran states that, "those who believe, and those who are Jews, and Christians, and Sabaeans-whoever believeth in Allah, and the Last Day doeth right- surely their reward is with their Lord, and their shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve"(2:62). Farrakhan, on the other hand condemns those of other religions and races. In a speech in January 1994, Farrakhan warned members of the Nation of Islam that "they(the jews) are plotting against us even as we speak (www.strang.com/cm/stories/emmy/96tl.html)." He proposes that other religions are inferior to Islam, as well as proposing that different races are unequal. The Nation of Islam believes that the white race was created by a botched experiment of mad scientist named Yakub, 6,000 years ago(7). It is beliefs such as this which create the image of the Nation which is common to most: a racist organization which preaches Black supremacy. Some may argue that the often outrageous methods and beliefs of the Nation of Islam have done more good than harm. In 1996, Farrakhan organized the Million-Man March which brought over 400,000 black men to the nation's capitol. Those who enter the Nation swear to refrain from the use of drugs and alcohol. Thus, being less likely to become addicts, gang members or victims of violence. But, the hate which Farrakhan preaches outweighs any of the benefits of his Nation.

Beowulf and Roland essays

Beowulf and Roland essays Over the years, previous research has confirmed a high incidence of communication problems among male and female juvenile delinquents. Researchers have documented challenges in a broad range of communication skills including articulation, fluency, semantics, morphology, and syntax (Cozad; Falconer). Basically these findings resulted from assessment procedures that relied primarily on standardized tests rather than analyses of conversational skills or other means of assessing how individuals use language functionally in their everyday social interactions. Standardized speech and language tend to focus on mastery of discrete skills and rarely assess communication performance in real life situations. Standardized testing has shown that juvenile delinquents have a high incidence of communication problems. A productive study was conducted to explore communication problems in juvenile delinquents. There were forty-five female participants residing at a correctional institution for adjudicated youths. Ages of the participants ranged from fourteen to eighteen years. They had to be convicted of committing one or more misdemeanor or felony offenses. Twenty-nine of the participants were Caucasian, six were Native American, four were African-American, four were Hispanic, and two were Asian American. They were all from lower socio-economic or working class families. This has all been referred from their parents occupations. Institutional and school records revealed that all participants had IQ scores ranging from 81-116. About one-third of the youths had received special education services at some point during their education. This included seven participants who had received services for learning disabilities. Two of the seven plus four more had received speech services for articulation problems; and four had received services for behavioral disorders. All participants engaged in conversations about commu...

Mail Delivery Could be Even Slower Than USPS Admits

Mail Delivery Could be Even Slower Than USPS Admits Due to its unreliable tracking system, the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) may be delivering your mail even more slowly than it has claimed, according to the Government Accountability Office (GAO). Background After increasing its own long-time 2-day delivery standard for First-Class mail to 3-days in January, 2015, the cash-starved USPS proceeded to close or consolidate 82 mail processing plants nationwide over the objections of all 50 U.S. Senators. [ See: Why for Mail Delivery ‘Slow’ is the New ‘Normal’ ] The effects of those actions revealed themselves in August 2015, when a federal inspector general notified the USPS that the number of First-Class letters being delivered at least a day late had increased by 48% in the first 6 months of 2015 alone. Mail May be Even Slower, GAO Finds But lowered standards or not, the GAO’s investigators reported that the Postal Service’s system for tracking and reporting delivery time is too incomplete and unreliable to determine how late the mail really is being delivered. According to GAO auditors, the reports created by the USPS’s mail delivery tracking system â€Å"do not include sufficient analysis to hold USPS accountable for meeting its statutory mission to provide service in all areas of the nation.† In fact, the GAO found that the USPS’ system tracks the delivery times of only 55% of First-Class mail, Standard-Class mail, periodicals, and packages. Delivery times of mail without tracking barcodes are not reported. â€Å"Incomplete measurement poses the risk that measures of on-time performance are not representative, since performance may differ for mail included in the measurement, from mail that is not,† stated the GAO. â€Å"Complete performance information enables effective management, oversight, and accountability.† In other words, the USPS doesn’t know exactly how slow its mail delivery service has become. Spreading the Blame The GAO also placed some blame on the Postal Regulatory Commission (PRC), the presidentially appointed body responsible for overseeing Postal Service operations. Specifically the GAO criticized the PRC for failing to determine why the USPS’s delivery time tracking data are not complete and dependable. â€Å"While PRCs annual reports have provided data on the amount of mail included in measurement, they have not fully assessed why this measurement was incomplete or whether USPS actions will make it so,† GAO investigators wrote. While the PRC has the power to direct the USPS to improve its delivery time tracking system, it has so far failed to do so, noted the GAO. Meanwhile, in Rural America The GAO also pointed out that the USPS is not required to – and so does not – track or report delivery time data for mail sent to rural addresses. While several members of Congress have pressured the USPS to study and report on its rural delivery performance, postal officials have stated that doing so would be too costly. However, as the GAO pointed out, the USPS has never provided Congress with cost estimates to prove it. â€Å"Such cost information would be useful for Congress to assess whether developing this information would be appropriate,† wrote the GAO. In 2011, the PRC criticized the USPS for failing to adequately consider the impact of its still on-hold plan to end Saturday mail delivery on rural America. â€Å"As my colleagues and I have heard †¦ [mail] service across the country, particularly in rural communities, is suffering,† said U.S. Senator Tom Carper (D-Delaware) chairman of the Senate committee that oversees the USPS in a statement on the GAO report. â€Å"To fix these service problems, we need to figure out their root causes,† Carper continued. â€Å"Unfortunately, the [GAO] found the delivery performance results that the Postal Service and Postal Regulatory Commission provide do not give Congress or postal customers an accurate assessment of service.† What the GAO Recommended The GAO suggested that Congress â€Å"direct† the USPS to provide reliable estimates of its costs to report on mail delivery performance in rural areas. The GAO also called on the USPS and PRC to improve the â€Å"completeness, analysis, and transparency† of its mail delivery performance reports. While the USPS generally agreed with the GAO’s recommendations, it also noted that it â€Å"strongly disagrees with the conclusion that our current service performance measurement is not accurate.† So, like your mail, don’t expect the results to be delivered anytime soon.

McCain and Obama Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

McCain and Obama - Essay Example The following is a chart which pinpoints the candidates on issues which revolve around this election. Each man walks into the election with an enormous amount of talent and disparate views. Feels that medical and personal health care bills are the reason why people are filing for personal bankruptcy; believes in universal health care; would mandate that all children receive health care; would create a national insurance program so that people and small businesses could purchase affordable insurance Supports lowering taxes to help small businesses; would cut the small corporate tax return from 35-25%;supprts giving tax breaks to businesses that invest in equipment and technology; wants a permanent tax credit for research and development Supports tax incentives for companies that keep jobs in the United States;believes that the NAFTA Agreement should be re-negociated;would put more money in unemployment insurance;would give federal money to the states hit hardest by the housing crisis;

Earth and space sciences Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Earth and space sciences - Term Paper Example Though volcanoes are now known to be works of the Earth and its movements, and not of long-ago worshipped deities, their awesome power of destruction and even fiery beauty is still regarded with reverence by some, as much today as it was thousands of years ago. What is different, however, is that scientists now have the means and research to predict whether or not eruptions may occur. In the documentary Deadliest Volcanoes, several new research methods are explored, from the simplicity of a new generation of Global Positioning Satellites (GPS) and their accompanying earth-bound sensors, to the testing of gases and water, to the harnessing of cosmic rays and drilling that goes deep below the surfaces of the planet. Alongside learning about these methods, viewers are invited on a fascinating trip to inspect some of the best and lesser-known volcanoes of the Earth. In Iceland, new generations of sensors are being explored by scientist Sigrun Hreinsdottir on the volcano Eyjafjallajokull. Though volcanoes throughout the world are routinely tracked by means of GPS as well as seismometers, the aim of the new sensors is to track the flow of magma deep underground via movements of the surface of the Earth. The theory that was tested was that magma, in flowing into a volcano, will force the surface above it to move outward, thus allowing for predictions as to the size and the force of the eruption. The new GPS sensors that have been installed to help with these predictions are so sensitive that they can measure the movement of the earth to an eighth of an inch, according to Deadliest Volcanoes. This theory was put into action when, in March 2010, though the sensors moved only centimeters a day, all sensors began to move outward from the known central crater in the volcano Eyjafjallajokull. By March 4, all sensors were showing uniform outward-motion movements, and on March 20, 2010, the volcano erupted. Contrary to movie-going belief, however, the eruption was not over qu ickly. The previous time that Eyjafjallajokull had erupted, prior to 2010, it lasted from 1821 to 1823, a full two years (Hendry). The main difference is that for this eruption, with the work of Ms. Hreinsdottir, it was able to be predicted, and a scientific theory was proved in regards to volcanoes along with the behavior of the underground magma within them, without any loss of life. Another new method of predicting eruptions involves harnessing the result of cosmic rays, or muons. In employing this method, detectors are used that will collect muons entering the atmosphere of the Earth and passing through the solid-rock formations of the volcanoes. Developed by Hiroyuki Tanaka of the University of Tokyo, the basics of his theory state that in using the muons, the density of the volcano, as well as subterranean imaging of what lies underneath the part above the surface, can provide a viable means of mapping and measuring what lies underneath, unseen to the naked eye. This method wa s hoped to be especially useful when dealing with soft-crust or thin-crust areas of a volcano that cannot be reached easily by other means such as climbing or rappelling, or when conditions made it

Burger Kings Diverse Culture Of Employees Commerce Essay

Burger Kings Diverse Culture Of Employees Commerce Essay I have chosen this business as a report. Moreover the main thing to choose this is that I am also working there from last 8 month ago. So thats why these area very well. It is also provide lots of education skills which are useful in my study. So in this is a good ideal business to do the report writing. I like to do work there. Different types of culture people working in burger king so I learn lots of things in store. Firstly we learn how to communicate with others whoever they are customers or staff. If we b honest or in patience then we will success in future. It provides verity of food to people of their taste. Like in burger king we can get also vegetable burger which is most like Indians. McDonald and others do not provide vegetables burgers. So this why I like this is well. People also get cheaper food in burger king as compare to others. Its start just burger from $2.50. Which is cheaper than others and lots of enjoy this. It is provide play grounds for children where child plays and enjoy their meals. INTRODUCTION: Burger King, is known as  BK .It is a industry of fast food   restaurants. The company began in 1953 as Insta-Burger King, After Insta-Burger King ran into financial difficulties in 1955, its two Miami-based franchisees,  David Edgerton  and  James McLamore, purchased the company and renamed it Burger King. Over the next half century the company would change hands four times, with its third set of owners, a partnership of  TPG Capital,  Bain Capital, and  Goldman Sachs Capital Partners, taking it public in 2002. Main features of burger king Chicken burgers Beef burgers Chicken salad Kids meals Onion rings Desserts Services: Drive thru Lobby Take away Play ground Dining outside History of burger king The burger found in 1953. After purchase the civil civil liberties to two pieces of tools called Insta technology, the two opened their first stores around a cooking device known as the Insta-Broiler. The Insta-Broiler oven proved so successful at cooking burgers, they required all of their franchises to carry the device.  Ã‚  The firms strategy for turning the chain around incorporated a new advertising agency and new ad campaigns, a revamp menu strategy. This franchise also open their web site .which is also beneficial for the people to update their meals. Communication in burger king In burger king employees does their work as a group and in every shifts there is shift manager in store to look after all the staff. More over for takes order on drive thru there are head set to listen the orders of customer and gives them response. When the company launches any new meal then they provide posters to all stores and from store managers put that on wall or on glass in lobby to see the special offers .they also put new meals poster on drive thru menu. Service I think burger king provides good service than others because on drive thru they have to give meals in 45 second after takes money. If they does not gives the orders then according to rules they have to give free big burger to customer. Furthermore they provide some specials meals such as just few months ago they provide 5 dollars meal. In that meal they gives 1 beef burger.1 desert.1 fries and1 drink. Findings 1.1Organizational culture Cultures plays very vital role in the organization. No doubt it is multicultural organization. As I have seen in burger king different employees works from different cultures. It also helps to communicate, as in new Zealand employees from different part of world comes and works in burger king .more over burger king also teach their employees about their social and professional ethics . Like in burger king each crew member communicate with the manager and by this he affected by this. Organizational explain how an organization intends to go about achieving its mission. Company must identify its mission as increasing market share and making a profit. Goals of burger king World largest quick restaurant Company makes different commitments for the for safety Sales increase threw the promotions 1.2 Business demographics Training period teach more everyone in burger king. Seniors always shared their knowledge with juniors, which is very helpful for juniors. It gives experience to the new crews. When the any person starts work then have little bit nervous. Manager should conclude that so they work in simple mode. Any business can run when it is well prepared like burger king. Because burger king has own rules which every one of staff are follows. Training period teach more everyone in burger king Senior always shared their knowledge with the junior worker .it gives lots of experience to the new worker. Manager depends upon the capacity and how much busy of it. Manager is that person who teaches next lesson to the crew members. 1.2.1 Crew Trainer Crew trainer is person who trains the crew member and gives his experience and basic knowledge of workplace to the crew person. So trainer gives the basic knowledge like how to make burgers, how to clean workplace etc. crew trainer need to give good skills of their workers so they learn good in begging. 1.2.2. Managers The number of managers depends on capacity of burger king as how much busy it is. After passing crew training stage crew become crew trainer and he will be able to give training to other trainees. Therefore training manager is a person who teaches next lesson to crew trainers. He also shares his knowledge and experience with trainees. 1.2.3. Organizations Manager He is the person who has all responsibilities of restaurants like in our group there are five restaurants he is the big boss of all restaurants. He is most experienced person in the restaurant and he had all knowledge about restaurants. He manage all the staff and the store for good work . 1.3 Group dynamics As we know in each and every organization works with the help of groups. it improves the communication skills of employees due to work place. Such as when a crew member takes the orders of customer they must have good English speaking and listening skills. Which impress the customers? 1.4 Meeting management The communication which we use in meetings of organization related to our profession. It is good for us in future. Every Organization plan meeting to do something good for company. So when doing a meeting it is important every member who is attending meetings must follow some rules. Sometime meeting not goes well because of not planned well. So every meeting should have some time, when its necessary. I saw our store manager accent is very different for others and he speaks so fast. Some time we could not understand well what he spoke. It was big communication barrier in the working place. 1.5 Purpose: The purpose of communication should clear for all the meeting attainders. In that we get the knowledge about different skills and good work. Burger king providing good services to their customers and give them happiness. The purpose of communication should clear for all the meeting attended. In that we get the knowledge about different skill and good work. Company use some these methods to be in touch with all type of people like customer, employees, investors, etc. from Australia to all over in new Zealand they follow these methods. 1.6 Networks: The organization is connected with internet for everyone and they use emails, letters, posters and other advertising material to connect with people. The internal network of the organization is connected by LAN, WAN. 1.7 Stakeholders: The basic definition of the stakeholders is any group or individual that can be affecting the organization or affected by the organizational progress. Stakeholder is the person that has any type of interest in an origination by direct or indirect way. The organization should have proper communication with the stakeholders to development of the organization. Stakeholder is that person who takes stake in organization because it can be affected by the organization, action, objectives and policies. Key stakeholders in a business organization include creditors, customers, directors, employees and government etc. 1.8Recommendation: According to me crew members need to get all information about store like which does managers. So with the help of that they would not be getting any confusion. Moreover is also increase their motivation skills and their experience .company need to place rubbish bins outside in parking because lots of people put rubbish in the parking. So maintained person need to do lots of things in morning. Company need to give more chances to their crews and as well as give them chance for promotions. According to me they have to add reward consumer and they should provide specials days like birthday or others days which are necessary in every person life. Interact with stakeholders using appropriate communication channels. If they have a preference for email, use email to contact them. If the goal is to change behavior two ways communication may be required, such as in person or telephone contact with stakeholders.

Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats Essay

Thinking Hats Edward de Bono was born in Malta in 1933. He attended St Edward’s College, Malta, during World War II and then the University of Malta where he qualified in medicine. He proceeded, as a Rhodes Scholar, to Christ Church, Oxford, where he gained an honours degree in psychology and physiology and then a D. Phil in medicine. He also holds a Ph. D from Cambridge and an MD from the University of Malta. He has held appointments at the universities of Oxford, London, Cambridge and Harvard. Dr Edward de Bono is one of the very few people in history who can be said to have had a major impact on the way we think. In many ways he could be said to be the best known thinker internationally. Six Thinking Hats â€Å"Six Thinking Hats† is a powerful technique that helps you look at important decisions from a number of different perspectives. It helps you make better decisions by pushing you to move outside your habitual ways of thinking. As such, it helps you understand the full complexity of a decision, and spot issues and opportunities which you might otherwise not notice. Each â€Å"Thinking Hat† is a different style of thinking. These are explained below: * White Hat: With this thinking hat, you focus on the data available. Look at the information you have, and see what you can learn from it. Look for gaps in your knowledge, and either try to fill them or take account of them. This is where you analyze past trends, and try to extrapolate from historical data. * Red Hat: Wearing the red hat, you look at the decision using intuition, gut reaction, and emotion. Also try to think how other people will react emotionally, and try to understand the intuitive responses of people who do not fully know your reasoning. Black Hat: When using black hat thinking, look at things pessimistically, cautiously and defensively. Try to see why ideas and approaches might not work. This is important because it highlights the weak points in a plan or course of action. It allows you to eliminate them, alter your approach, or prepare contingency plans to counter problems that arise. Black Hat thinking helps to make your plans tougher and more resilient. It can also help yo u to spot fatal flaws and risks before you embark on a course of action. Black Hat thinking is one of the real benefits of this technique, as many successful people get so used to thinking positively that often they cannot see problems in advance, leaving them under-prepared for difficulties. * Yellow Hat: The yellow hat helps you to think positively. It is the optimistic viewpoint that helps you to see all the benefits of the decision and the value in it, and spot the opportunities that arise from it. Yellow Hat thinking helps you to keep going when everything looks gloomy and difficult. * Green Hat: The Green Hat stands for creativity. This is where you can develop creative solutions to a problem. It is a freewheeling way of thinking, in which there is little criticism of ideas. A whole range of creativity tools can help you here. * Blue Hat: The Blue Hat stands for process control. This is the hat worn by people chairing meetings. When running into difficulties because ideas are running dry, they may direct activity into Green Hat thinking. When contingency plans are needed, they will ask for Black Hat thinking, and so on.

Cross Border Government And The Modern International...

Cross-border government borrowing plays an integral role in the modern international finance system. Cross-border government borrowing enables governments to substantially increase their access to cheap credit and can be a particularly attractive option to finance government programs. While raising taxes or cutting government expenditure can be politically treacherous, borrowing in the form of government-issued-bonds enables governments to fund programs and promote growth, which is especially important in developing nations, while â€Å"smoothing over† the costs over a longer period of time in the future. And while governments may be able to issue and sell bonds to exclusively its domestic population, doing so is less desirable. For one, the limited amount of domestic creditors means the government will be forced to pay higher interest rates on their bonds. Secondly, issuing bonds to exclusively the domestic population is more contractionary than the alternative of selling bo nds to the international community at large, as it takes money out of the money supply, which can slow economic growth. Therefore, in order to eschew some of the negative effects that come with selling bonds exclusively to a domestic population, many governments are willing to engage in cross-border governmental borrowing. While there are some risks associated with cross-border government borrowing, the opportunities that cross-border governmental lending presents in terms of its ability to produce growth,Show MoreRelatedCharacteristics Of Economic Globalization893 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"increasing interdependence of world economies† (Shangquan, 2000), as a result of free movement of goods, services, technology, capital, and information between countries and across borders. 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